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2017年英语四级长篇阅读模拟题

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  2017年英语四级长篇阅读模拟题一

  Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

  Driver’s License Test Tips

  A.This article will provide you with some simple tips for passing your driver’s license test.Adequate preparation is absolutely essential,without which any number of driver’s license test tips will be redundant.

  B.Getting a driver’s license is a big step in anyone’s life.It gives an individual the luxury to drive a car anytime he or she pleases,as driving without passing a driver’s license test is against the law.

  For some people,the stress can be too much to handle and as a result they may mess up on the driver’s license test.There are some simple driver’s license test tips that anyone can follow,to be assured of passing the test and getting their driver’s license.

  C.The most important of all the tips for passing your driver’s license test is to be prepared.This can only be achieved by you through hours and hours of sincere and diligent practice.If you are not sufficiently prepared for your driver’s license test,all the driver’s license tips for passing your driver’slicense test will be utterly pointless and redundant.You can read as many drivers’license test tips as you want,but if you are not practicing enough,then all these driving test tips will be in vain.Enroll ing yourself in driving schools is advisable for this purpose.

  D.Now,if you’re wondering how to prepare for your driving test,the first thing you need to know is what the driving test instructors and officials are going to be looking for.The following are the qualities that the instructors will be on the lookout for and also the parameters that the scoring will be conducted on.

  E)Starting the vehicle:The instructor will be observing you right from the time you start the vehicle.

  He will note if you tum your head to look back and if you follow all the safety regulations that are required to be followed while starting a vehicle.Here are some tips on learning to drive a car.

  F)Control of the vehicle:He will pay close attention to how much control you actually have over the vehicle.Your abilities with the gas pedal,the brake,the steering wheel and other controls will be scrutinized.

  G)Steering:Not many road test tips stress on the importance of steering.This quality is closely ana.

  lyzed by the instructor and obviously if your steering is wayward(任性的),the chances of passing the driver’s license test are very slim.

  H)Driving in traffic:Keeping calm and avoiding panic attacks while driving in traffic is of utmost importance.Many people get extremely stressed and nervous,when they are in the midst of traffic and one of the very crucial tips to pass road test for driver’s license is to stay calm and composed when driving in traffic.Also read more on road safety and car safety.

  I)Traffic signs and lane discipline:This is another area that the instructors will be rating you on.Your ability to observe lane discipline and your recognition of the various traffic signs plays a major role in your passing the test.Keep these driver’s license test tips in mind to pass the test in your veryfirst attempt.

  J)Stopping:Stopping the car smoothly and at the right place is a critical skill to have.When the in. structor asks you to stop the car,the timing,the positioning and the technique of doing so are important driving test tips to bear in mind.

  K)Backing up and distance judgment:Your backing up skills and your ability to judge the distances

  between your vehicle and other entities will also be carefully scrutinized.If you cannot back up your vehicle satisfactorily ,parking would be very troublesome for you and a major source of hazard to you and to others around you.

  L)Hill parking:One of the essential tips for passing your driver’s license test is to master the art of hill parking.This is not as easy as it seems and can become a major source of anxiety in a driver.If you can display good skills at hill parking,it proves that you have developed good control over the vehicle.

  M)Arm signals and driving etiquette:Another aspect that you will be judged on is your efficiency at giving the right arm signals at the right time.Your respect for other drivers on the road and the amount of courtesy you show them also plays a part in your final rating on the driver’s license test.

  Read more about defensive driving techniques and tips and defensive driving courses.

  N)Drivers who are well aware and informed about all the rules and regulations that need to be followed have a beRer chance of clearing their driver’s license test.The primary goal of these driver,slicense test tips is to instill(慢慢灌输)a responsible and mature frame of mind in every individ.

  ual.These road test tips will be pointless unless you develop a calm demeanor and tmless you are aware of all the rules that must be followed while driving.

  O)Here are a few more basic drivers’license test tips that you should keep in mind when vou,re leaming how to prepare for your driving test.Always use the restroom before your test begins.Not doing so will cause more anxiety during the test.Memorize all the traffic signs and their significance well in advance before the test.Use your rear view mirrors efficiently and regularly.Ensure that you are well on time for your test and are carrying all the required documents and paperwork.Get adequate sleep the previous night and do not give the test with an empty stomach.Stick to the permitted speed limit.Do not drive too fast and do not drive too slow either.

  P)Passing a driver’s license test is not simple and unless you are well versed in driver education.You could face a lot of difficulties.At the end of the day,remember that the instructors also want you to pass the test,so do your best to stay calm and composed and believe in your ability to pass the test.

  This cannot be reinstated enough,but the key to passing your driver’s license test is practice.

  46.According to this article,the importance of steering is emphasized by not many road test tips.

  47.Your timing,positioning and technique should be considered by yourself when you stoD your test car.

  48.Some people may fail their driver’s license tests because they have too much stress.

  49.Hill parking as one of the essential tips for your license test seems easV.

  50.The tips in this article primarily aimed at instilling a responsible and mature frame of mind in you.

  51.In order to pass your driver’s license test.you should practice.

  52.Your driver’s license test begins in practice when you start your test car.

  53.During the preparation process,a few more basic tips should be kept in mind.

  54.You should sleep adequately the night before your test.

  55.A lot of difficulties could be faced if you are not well versed in driver education.

  48.Some people may fail their driver’S license tests because they have too much stress.

  2017年英语四级长篇阅读模拟题答案解析

  有些人可能没有通过驾照考试,是因为压力太大。

  【解析】B)。细节题。根据句中的fail their driver’S license tests可将答案定位于文章B)段第三句话,有些人可能没有通过驾照考试,是因为压力太大。

  49.Hill parking as one of the essential tips for your license test seems easy.

  作为对你在驾照考试中的一个重要建议,斜坡停车看起来很简单。

  【解析】L)。细节题。根据句中hillparkin9可将答案定位于L)段第二句话,通过驾照考试的一个必要提示就是要掌握斜坡停车的技巧。这并不像看起来那么简单,可能会成为驾驶中一件非常令人忧心的事。

  50.The tips in this article primarily aimed at instilling a responsible and mature flame of mind in you.

  文中指导的主要目的是将负责、成熟的心境慢慢灌输给你。

  【解析】N)。细节题。根据句中primarily aimed at可将答案定位于N)段第二句话,flame ofmind为“心 绪,心境,心情”,驾照考试指南的首要目标是将负责、成熟的心境慢慢灌输给每一个人。

  5 1.In order to pass your driver’S license test.you should practice.

  为了通过驾照考试,你应该进行练习。

  【解析】C)。细节题。根据句中的practice可将答案定位于文章C)段第一句话,在所有的通过驾照考试的建议中,最重要的是考试准备。这只能通过一小时接一小时的认真和勤奋的练习才能够实现。

  52.Your driver’S license test begins in practice when you start your test car.

  当你发动了考试车时,实际上你的驾照考试就开始了。

  【解析】 E)。推理题。根据句中begin可将答案定位于E)段第一句话,文中提到从你启动车子的那 一刻起,教练就开始观察你了。

  53.During the preparation process,a few more basic tips should be kept in mind.

  在准备的过程中,有一些最基本的建议应该记在脑子里。

  【解析】 O)。根据句中a fewmorebasic tips可将答案定位于O)段,keep inmind为固定搭配,指“牢记”。

  这里有一些更加基本的驾照考试建议,在学习如何准备驾驶考试时,你应该牢记于心。

  54.You should sleep adequately the night before your test.

  在考前那个晚上你应该睡眠充足。

  【解析】O)。根据句中sleep可将答案定位于O)段,文中使用的是adequate sleep,这里用的是副词形式。

  前一晚保证充足的睡眠,而且不要空着肚子去参加考试。

  55.A lot of difficulties could be faced if you are not well versed in driver education.

  如果你不精通驾驶教育,你会面临很多困难。

  【解析】P)。根据句中driver education和a lot ofdifficulties可将答案定位于本文P)段第一句话。Be Versedin指“精通于”。想通过驾照考试并不简单,除非你很精通驾驶教育,否则你会面临许多困难。

  2017年英语四级长篇阅读模拟题二

  Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

  TV Linked to Lower Marks

  A) The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, retard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Ado-lescent Medicine.

  B) In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child's bedroom can have on third graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relation to   academic achievementon mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said study author Dina L.G. Borzekowski, an as-sistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

  C) Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, collected data on386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watched, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and where they were. They also collected data on how much time the children spent using the different media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers found that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound effect on learning. "We found that the household media environment has a very close association with performance on the different test scores," Borzekowski said.

  D) "A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is eight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesn't have a TV in the bedroom," she noted. These children also scored lower on the reading and language arts tests. However, children who have ac-cess to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who don't have access to a home computer, Borzekowski noted.

  E) The reasons why TV has this negative effect are not clear, Borzekowski said. "When there's TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched," Borzekowski said. "They are also unable to know how early or how late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids' performance on academic tests." Borzekowski believes that content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect. "If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the content of what children are watching," she said. "Parents can choose to sit alongside and watch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, positive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the child's bedroom, or remove it if it's already there."

  F) In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Ot ago in Dunedin, New Zealand, and colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social background, if you watch a lot of TV during childhood, you are a lot less likely to have a college degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. The researchers found that those who watched the most television during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26."We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school without any qualifications," Hancox said in a prepared statement. "Those who watched little television had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree."

  G) Hancox's team found that watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. "An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was strongly linked to leaving school without any qualifications, it was earlier childhood viewing that had the greatest impact on getting a degree," he said. "This suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance."

  H) In the third paper, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from the University of Washington report that, for very young children, watching TV can result in lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. "We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5," Zimmerman said. "We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years, there was co nsider able beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV."

  I) For children aged 3 to 5, the effect was not as clear, Zimmerman said. "There were some beneficial effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary," he noted. "The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TV before age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids." Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV for children under 2, Zimmerman said. "Personally, I feel the cutoff should be children under 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3."

  J) One expert believes that TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching. "Content matters," said Deborah L. Line barger, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who co-authored an accompanying editorial. "Educational content has been found to be related to performance on school readiness tests, higher grades when they are teen-agers, whereas, non-educational content tends to be associated with lower academic performance."

  K) Another expert agrees. "TV watching takes up space that could be used by more useful things," said Dr. Christopher P. Lucas, a clinical coordinator at the Early Childhood Evaluation and Treatment Program at the New York University Child Study Center. "TV is not necessarily toxic, but is some-thing that has to be done in moderation; something that balances the other needs of the child for healthy development."

  L) Lucas puts the responsibility for how much TV kids watch and what they watch squarely on parents. "The amount of TV watching certainly has a link with the reduced amount of time reading or doing homework," he said. "The key is the amount of control parents have in limiting the amount of access. Get the TV out of the bedroom; be aware of what is being watched; limit the amount of TV watching."

  46. According to Borzekowski, children having chances to use a family computer are likely to acquire better results on the different tests.

  47. The reports issued in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescents Medicine find that watching too much TV leads to poor performance in school.

  48. Watching more than three hours of TV before age 3 has bad effect on kids.

  49. According to the second report, the chance for one to acquire a college degree depends on the amount of his TV watching during childhood.

  50. In Deborah L. Lingbarger's opinion, educational content is helpful for teenagers to get better results on school readiness tests.

  51. The environment of family media greatly affects children's test scores according to the first report.

  52. Borzekowski believes that TV's negative effect on children's marks may mainly lie in what children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it.

  53. Lucas thinks parents should take the responsibility to supervise kids' TV watching.

  54. According to the recommendation from American Academy of Pediatrics, children under 2 should watch no TV.

  55. Hancox thinks earlier childhood TV watching affects one's acquiring a college degree most.

  2017年英语四级长篇阅读模拟题答案解析

  SectionB

  电视机与成绩差有关

  A.)自电视机问世以来,其对孩子的影响便一直颇具争议。【47】目前,有三项新的研究发现,看电视事假太长会导致学习成绩下降,妨碍学习进步,甚至影响在大学的成绩。这三项研究报告刊截在7月份的《儿科和青春期医学档案》杂志上。

  B)在第一份报告中,研究人员研究在三年级学生的卧室里放置电视对他们的影响。其中的一位研究人员是约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院的助理教授DinaL.G.Borzekowski,她表示:“我们研究的是家庭媒体环境对数学、阅读和语言艺术等科目测试成绩的影响。”

  C)Borzekowski和她的同事,斯坦福大学的Thomas Robinson博士,调查了386位三年级学生及其父母,收集了大量关于孩子看电视花费的时间、家中的电视机、电脑和视频游戏设备的数量及其摆放位置。他们还收集了一些关于孩子在不同媒体上所花的时间和在家庭作业与阅读上所花的时间的数据。研究人员发现,家中媒体设备的摆放位置和使用方式对孩子的学习有重要的影响。【51】Borzekowski表示:“我们发现家庭媒体环境与孩子不同的测验分数的表现有密切的关系。”

  D)她表示:“卧室有电视机的孩子,其数学成绩比卧室没有电视机的孩子很可能会低8分。”而且他们的阅读和语言艺术考试成绩也相对降低。可是Borzekowski又说,【46】可以使用家庭电脑的孩子比家中没有电脑的孩子更有可能在这些科目的测试中取程更高的分数。

  E)Borzekowsk表示目前关于电视会造成这种负面影响的原因尚不明确。她说:“如果孩子的卧室有电视机,家长便不太可能控制孩子们观看的内容和时间。他们也不可能知道孩子们多早或多晚打开电视机。这似乎与孩子的学习成绩有关。”【52】 Bomekows】认为电视内容和观看的时间可能是导致电视机的负面影响的主要原因。“如果电视在客厅,那么家长便可以知道孩子所观看的内容,”她说。 “家长可以选择坐在旁边一起观看,或者将电视机关掉。一个简单、直接、有效地方式就是不要在孩子的卧室放电视机,如果已经放了,那就搬出来吧。”

  G)Hancox的研究团队还发现儿童时期看电视对从大学毕业的影响最大。他说:“一项有趣的发现是,虽然少年时期看电视很可能会导致没有毕业就离开学校,但是对能否取得学位影响最大的却是童年时期看电视。这表明,在童年时期,过度看电视会对学业造成长期持续的不利影响。”

  H)在第三份报告中,Frederick J.Zimmerman和来自华盛顿大学的Dimitri A.Christakis博士认为,对于幼儿来说,看电视会导致数学、阅读认知和阅读理解的分数降低。Zimmerman表示“我们研究了孩子在3岁以前和在3到5岁之间看电视所花的时间的数量,结果发现与花许多时间看电视的孩子相比,小时候很少看电视的孩子有相当大的优势。”

  J)一位专家认为,电视有积极和消极的影响,而这完全取决于孩子所看的内容。宾夕法尼亚大学的助理教授Deborah L.Linebarger曾参与编写一篇补充社论,他认为:“内容很重要。【50】教育性的内容与入学须备考试的成绩有关,有助于青少年取得更好的成绩,而非教育性的力容则往往导致学习成绩下降。”

  K)另外一位专家Christopher P.Lucas博士也同意这一观点。他是纽约大学儿童研究中心幼儿评价与治疗计划的临床协调员,他认为:“看电视会占据用于做其他更有用的事情的时间。电视不一定有害处,但是看电视应该适度。为了孩子的健康发展,看电视要和孩子的其他需求保持平衡。”

  L)【53】Lucae认为孩子看电视的时间和内容该完全由父母负责监督。他说:“看电视的时间太长,自然就会减少阅读或做家庭作业的时间。关键在于家长要控制孩子看电视的时间。把电视从卧室里搬出来,要知道孩子观看的内容,限制看电视的时间。”

  46.According to Borzekowski,children having chances to use a family computer are likely to acquire better re-suits on the different tests.Borzekowski发现能接触使用家用电脑的孩子各项测试成绩一般更好。

  【解析】 D)。细节题。根据句中chancestouse afamily computer可将答案定位于D)段最后一句话。可是Borzekowski又说,可以使用家庭电脑的孩子比家中没有电脑的孩子更有可能在这些科目的测试中取得更高的分数.

  47.The reports issued in the Archives of Pediatrics&Adolescents Medicine find that watching too much TV leads to poor perform ancein sch001.《儿科和青春期医学档案》杂志研究发现看电视时间太长会导致学习成绩差。

  【解析】 A)。细节题。根据句中the Archives of Pediatrics& Adolescents Medicine可将答案定位于Al段后两句。目前,有三项新的研究发现,看电视时间太长会导致学习成绩下降,妨碍学习进步,甚至影响在大学的成绩。这三项研究报告刊载在7月份的《儿科和青春期医学档案》杂志上。

  48.Watching more than three hours of TV before age 3 has bad effect on kids.

  三岁前每天看电视三个小时以上会对孩子产生不好的影响。

  【解析】I)。细节题。根据句中more than three hours of TV before age 3可将答案定位于I)段第三四句话。最糟糕的便是在3岁之前每天看3个小时以上的电视。与其他孩子相比,他们会有较大的劣势。

  49.According to the second report,the chance for one to acquire a college degree depends on the amount of his TV watching during childhood.

  第二则报告显示:一个人能否获取大学学位取决于他少年期看电视的时间。

  【解析】F)。归纳题。根据句中the chance for one to acquire a college degree可将答案定位于F)段。F段整段的中心意思就是少年期看电视越多越不容易获得大学学位,反之亦然。

  50.In Deborah L.Lingbarger’s opinion,educational content is helpful for teenagers to get better results on school readiness tests.Deborah L.Ling barger认为(电视上的)教育性内容可以帮助青少年在入学预备考试中取得更好的成绩。

  【解析】 J)。细节题。根据句中educational content可将答案定位于J)段末句。内容很重要。教育性的内容与入学预备考试的成绩有关,有助于青少年取得更好的成绩,而非教育性的内容则往往导致学习成绩下降。

  51. environment of family media greatly affects children’s test Scorcs according to the first report.

  第一则报告发现,家庭媒体环境极大地影响孩子的测试成绩。

  【解析】C)。细节题。根据句中environment of family media可将答案定位于C)段末句。我们发现家庭媒体环境与孩子不同的测验分数的表现有密切的关系。

  52.Borzekowski believes that TV’s negative effect on children’s marks may mainly lie in what children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it.

  Borzekowski认为电视给孩子的成绩带来负面影响,原因主要在于其收看内容和时长。

  【解析】 E)。细节题。根据句中TV’s negative effect可将答案定位于E)段,此段整段都在探讨电视负面效应的原因。其中一句尤为点题:Borzekowskibelieves that content and the lime the"IV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect.Borzekowski认为电视内容和观看的时间可能是导致电视机的负面影响的主要原因。What children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it是.content and the time的同类表述。

  53•Lucas thinks parents should take the responsibility to supervise kids’TV watchin. Lucas认为父母有责任监督孩子看电视。

  【解析】 L)。细节题。根据句中parents should take the responsibility可将答案定位于L)段首句。Lucas认为孩予看电视的时间和内容应该完全由父母负责监督。

  54.According to the recommendation from American Academy of Peadialrics,children under 2 should watch TV.

  美国小儿科协会建议不要让两岁以下孩子看电视。

  【解析】 I)。细节题。根据句中Amcerican Academy of Peadiatrics和under2可将答案定位于I)段倒数第二句。Zimmerman表示家长应该听从美国小儿科学会的建议,不要让2岁以下的孩子看电视。

  55.Hancox thinks earlier childhood TV watching affects one’s acquiring a college degree most.

  Hancox认为儿童早期看电视最影响一个人能否获取大学学位。

  【解析】 G)。细节题。根据句中earlier childhood和college degree可将答案定位于G)段第二句。一项有趣的发现是,虽然少年时期看电视很可能会导致没有毕业就离开学校,但是对能否取得学位影响最大的却是童年时期看电视。


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